Impact of entrepreneurial orientation and self-efficacy on students’ intentions to pursue technopreneurship

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.38140/ijms-2025.vol2.1.08

Keywords:

Technopreneurship, entrepreneurial orientation, self-efficacy, students’ intention

Abstract

Technopreneurship has the potential to address unemployment and economic development challenges in South Africa. However, the level of technopreneurial activity among students considered to be technological natives remains low compared to the average in the developed world. This study investigates the influence of entrepreneurial orientation and self-efficacy on students' intention to pursue technopreneurship. Qualitative research was conducted using a correlational research design. A sample of 133 students was selected, and data were collected through online questionnaires using purposive sampling. SPSS version 24 was employed to analyse the data. The study revealed that entrepreneurial orientation, through its five dimensions—innovativeness, risk-taking, autonomy, competitive aggressiveness, and proactiveness—positively influences students' intention to pursue technopreneurship. It also demonstrated that self-efficacy positively impacts students' intentions. Both entrepreneurial orientation and self-efficacy significantly and positively influence students' intention to pursue technopreneurship. Universities should implement programmes aimed at enhancing entrepreneurial orientation and self-efficacy to promote technopreneurship among students. This study contributes to the body of knowledge in South Africa by determining the effects of entrepreneurial orientation and self-efficacy on students' intention to pursue technopreneurship. Additionally, it provides recommendations for policymakers on how to support students intending to pursue technopreneurship through intervention programmes, such as providing mentorship and funding. This research adds to the understanding of how different population groups are motivated to pursue entrepreneurship, with a specific focus on technopreneurship.

References

Al-Mamary, Y. H. S., Abdulrab, M., Alwaheeb, M. A., & Alshammari, N. G. M. (2020). Factors impacting entrepreneurial intentions among university students in Saudi Arabia: Testing an integrated model of TPB and EO. Education Training, 62(7/8), 779–803. https://doi.org/10.1108/ET-04-2020-0096

Al-Mamary, Y. H., & Alshallaqi, M. (2022). Impact of autonomy, innovativeness, risk-taking, proactiveness, and competitive aggressiveness on students’ intention to start a new venture. Journal of Innovation & Knowledge, 7(4), 100239. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jik.2022.100239

Al-Qadasi, N., Zhang, G., Al-Awlaqi, M. A., Alshebami, A. S., & Aamer, A. (2023). Factors influencing entrepreneurial intention of university students in Yemen: The mediating role of entrepreneurial self-efficacy. Frontiers in Psychology, 14. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1111934

Anwar, I., Jamal, M. T., Saleem, I., & Thoudam, P. (2021). Traits and entrepreneurial intention: Testing the mediating role of entrepreneurial attitude and self-efficacy. Journal for International Business and Entrepreneurship Development, 13(1), 40–60. https://doi.org/10.1504/JIBED.2021.112276

Aryaningtyas, A. T., & Risyanti, Y. D. (2023). Increase entrepreneurial intentions: Proactive personality, entrepreneurship education, and academic support as predictors. Journal of Business and Management Review, 4(7), 545–560. https://doi.org/10.47153/jbmr47.7422023

Basar, P. (2017). Proactivity as an antecedent of entrepreneurial intention. Journal of Economic & Management Perspectives, 11(4), 285–295.

Bhutto, B. (2024). Technopreneurship education in graduate programs: Cultivating an entrepreneurial mindset through work-based learning. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.11376.88327

Bowmaker-Falconer, A., & Herrington, M. (2020). Igniting start-ups for economic growth and social change. Global Entrepreneurship Monitor South Africa (GEM SA) 2019/2020 Report.

Brace, I. (2018). Questionnaire design: How to plan, structure and write survey material for effective market research. Kogan Page Publishers.

Bui, T. H. V., Nguyen, T. L. T., Tran, M. D., & Nguyen, T. A. T. (2020). Determinants influencing entrepreneurial intention among undergraduates in universities of Vietnam. The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 7(7), 369–378. https://doi.org/10.13106/jafeb.2020.vol7.no7.369

Cherry, K. (2023). Self-efficacy and why believing in yourself matters. Verywell Mind.https://www.verywellmind.com/what-is-self-efficacy-2795954#:~:text=Self%2DEfficacy%20Basics,succeed%20in%20a%20particular%20situation

Chien-Chi, C., Sun, B., Yang, H., Zheng, M., & Li, B. (2020). Emotional competence, entrepreneurial self-efficacy, and entrepreneurial intention: A study based on Chinese college students’ social entrepreneurship project. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 547627. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.547627

Corey, B. (2022). Risk in entrepreneurship: Everything you need to know. HubSpot. Retrieved 2 September 2024, from https://blog.hubspot.com/the-hustle/risk-in-entrepreneurship

da Cruz, M. D. F. P., Ferreira, J. J., & Kraus, S. (2021). Entrepreneurial orientation at higher education institutions: State-of-the-art and future directions. The International Journal of Management Education, 19(2), 100502. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijme.2021.100502

Donbesuur, F., Boso, N., & Hultman, M. (2020). The effect of entrepreneurial orientation on new venture performance: Contingency roles of entrepreneurial actions. Journal of Business Research, 118, 150–161. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2020.06.042

Duong, C. D., & Vu, N. X. (2024). Entrepreneurial education and intention: Fear of failure, self-efficacy, and gender. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 31(4), 629–654. https://doi.org/10.1108/JSBED-02-2023-0057

Elnadi, M., & Gheith, M. H. (2021). Entrepreneurial ecosystem, entrepreneurial self-efficacy, and entrepreneurial intention in higher education: Evidence from Saudi Arabia. The International Journal of Management Education, 19(1), 100458. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijme.2021.100458

Ferreira-Neto, M. N., de Carvalho Castro, J. L., de Sousa-Filho, J. M., & de Souza Lessa, B. (2023). The role of self-efficacy, entrepreneurial passion, and creativity in developing entrepreneurial intentions. Frontiers in Psychology, 14, 1134618. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1134618

Hahn, D. (2020). The psychological well-being of student entrepreneurs: A social identity perspective. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 16(2), 467–499. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11365-019-00607-3

Hassan, A., Anwar, I., Saleem, I., Islam, K. B., & Hussain, S. A. (2021). Individual entrepreneurial orientation, entrepreneurship education and entrepreneurial intention: The mediating role of entrepreneurial motivations. Industry and Higher Education, 35(4), 403–418. https://doi.org/10.1177/09504222211007051

Hoque, A. S. M. M., Awang, Z., & Siddiqui, B. A. (2017). Technopreneurial intention among university students of business courses in Malaysia: A structural equation modelling. International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small & Medium Enterprise (IJESME), 4(7), 1–16.

Hu, R., Wang, L., Zhang, W., & Bin, P. (2018). Creativity, proactive personality, and entrepreneurial intention: The role of entrepreneurial alertness. Frontiers in Psychology, 9, 951. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00951

Kahpi, H. S., Wulandari, S. S., Atichasari, A. S., & Marfu, A. (2024). Analysis of the relationship between innovative leadership and market orientation on the sustainability of technopreneurship: The mediating role of external regulatory compliance: An empirical evidence in Indonesia. Environment, Development and Sustainability, 1-42. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-024-05072-9

Kehinde, O. A. (2023). Influence of entrepreneurship self-efficacy and proactive personality on intention towards technopreneurship among undergraduate students. Gender and Behaviour, 21(3), 22165–22176. https://hdl.handle.net/10520/ejc-genbeh_v21_n3_a26

Kodden, B., & Kodden, B. (2020). The impact of self-efficacy. In The art of sustainable performance: A model for recruiting, selection, and professional development (pp. 31–38). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-46463-9_5

Koe, W. L., Mahphoth, M. H., Alias, N. E., Krishnan, R., & Arham, A. F. (2021). Factors influencing intention towards technopreneurship among university students. Journal of Educational and Social Research, 11(1), 162-162. https://doi.org/10.36941/jesr-2021-0016

Li, C., Ashraf, S. F., Shahzad, F., Bashir, I., Murad, M., Syed, N., & Riaz, M. (2020). Influence of knowledge management practices on entrepreneurial and organisational performance: A mediated-moderation model. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 577106. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.577106

Lopez-Garrido, G. (2020). Self-efficacy theory. Simply Psychology. https://www.simplypsychology.org/self-efficacy.html

Machmud, R., Wuryaningrat, N. F., & Mutiarasari, D. (2022). Technopreneurship-based competitiveness and innovation at small business in Gorontalo City. International Journal of Sustainable Development & Planning, 17(4), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.18280/ijsdp.170408

Maheshwari, G. (2021). Factors influencing entrepreneurial intentions the most for university students in Vietnam: Educational support, personality traits or TPB components? Education + Training, 63(7/8), 1138–1153. https://doi.org/10.1108/ET-02-2021-0074

Mahlaole, S. T., & Malebana, M. J. (2021). The effects of entrepreneurship education on students' entrepreneurial intentions at a South African university of technology. Journal of Entrepreneurship Education, 24, 1-16.

Martins, I., & Perez, J. P. (2020). Testing mediating effects of individual entrepreneurial orientation on the relation between close environmental factors and entrepreneurial intention. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour & Research, 26(4), 771–791. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJEBR-08-2019-0505

Martins, I., Perez, J. P., & Novoa, S. (2022). Developing orientation to achieve entrepreneurial intention: A pretest-post-test analysis of entrepreneurship education programs. The International Journal of Management Education, 20(2), 100593. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijme.2021.100593

Mateko, F. M. (2024). Opportunities in emerging technologies for Southern Africa: How the Global South should adopt to take advantage? The Electronic Journal of Information Systems in Developing Countries, e12321. https://doi.org/10.1002/isd2.12321

Mei, H., Lee, C. H., & Xiang, Y. (2020). Entrepreneurship education and students’ entrepreneurial intention in higher education. Education Sciences, 10(9), 257. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci10090257

Neneh, B. N. (2022). Entrepreneurial passion and entrepreneurial intention: The role of social support and entrepreneurial self-efficacy. Studies in Higher Education, 47(3), 587-603. https://doi.org/10.1080/03075079.2020.1770716

Nickerson, C. (2022). Interpretivism paradigm & research philosophy. Simply Sociology, 5, 1-16.

Park, Y. S., Konge, L., & Artino Jr, A. R. (2020). The positivism paradigm of research. Academic Medicine, 95(5), 690-694. https://doi.org/10.1097/ACM.0000000000003093

Pollio, A., & Cirolia, L. R. (2022). Fintech urbanism in the startup capital of Africa. Journal of Cultural Economy, 15(4), 508-523. https://doi.org/10.1080/17530350.2022.2058058

Rafiana, N. N. (2024). Technopreneurship strategy to grow entrepreneurship career options for students in higher education. ADI Journal on Recent Innovation, 5(2), 110-126. https://doi.org/10.34306/ajri.v5i2.995

Salameh, A. A., Akhtar, H., Gul, R., Omar, A. B., & Hanif, S. (2022). Personality traits and entrepreneurial intentions: Financial risk-taking as mediator. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 927718. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.927718

Salhieh, S. E. M., & Al-Abdallat, Y. (2021). Technopreneurial intentions: The effect of innate innovativeness and academic self-efficacy. Sustainability, 14(1), 238. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14010238

Shahzad, M. F., Khan, K. I., Saleem, S., & Rashid, T. (2021). What factors affect the entrepreneurial intention to start-ups? The role of entrepreneurial skills, propensity to take risks, and innovativeness in open business models. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 7(3), 173. https://doi.org/10.3390/joitmc7030173

Shamsudin, M. F., Hassim, A. A., & Abd Manaf, S. (2024). Mastering probability and non-probability methods for accurate research insights. Journal of Postgraduate Current Business Research, 9(1), 38-53.

Stewart Jr, W. H., Peake, W. O., & Ingram, A. E. (2023). The interplay of core self-evaluation and entrepreneurial self-efficacy in predicting entrepreneurial orientation. Journal of Small Business Management, 61(6), 2909–2937. https://doi.org/10.1080/00472778.2021.1951279

Svotwa, T. D., Jaiyeoba, O., Roberts-Lombard, M., & Makanyeza, C. (2022). Perceived access to finance, entrepreneurial self-efficacy, attitude toward entrepreneurship, entrepreneurial ability, and entrepreneurial intentions: A Botswana youth perspective. Sage Open, 12(2). https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440221096437

Tentama, F., & Paputungan, T. H. (2019). Entrepreneurial intention of students reviewed from self-efficacy and family support in vocational high school. International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education, 8(3), 557–562. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijere.v8i3.20240

van der Westhuizen, T., & Goyayi, M. J. (2020). The influence of technology on entrepreneurial self-efficacy development for online business start-up in developing nations. The International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation, 21(3), 168-177. https://doi.org/10.1177/1465750319889224

Wathanakom, N., Khlaisang, J., & Songkram, N. (2020). The study of the causal relationship between innovativeness and entrepreneurial intention among undergraduate students. Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 9(1), 15. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13731-020-00125-5

Wu, L., Jiang, S., Wang, X., Yu, L., Wang, Y., & Pan, H. (2022). Entrepreneurship education and entrepreneurial intentions of college students: The mediating role of entrepreneurial self-efficacy and the moderating role of entrepreneurial competition experience. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 727826. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.727826

Yordanova, D., Filipe, J. A., & Pacheco Coelho, M. (2020). Technopreneurial intentions among Bulgarian STEM students: The role of university. Sustainability, 12(16), 6455. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12166455

Zavoianu, A., & Scarlat, C. (2024). Triadic models as a complex model: Technology-entrepreneurship-art of film. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Business Excellence (Vol. 18, No. 1, pp. 2411-2419). Sciendo. https://doi.org/10.2478/picbe

Zeb, N., ASajid, M., & Iqbal, Z. (2019). Impact of individual factors on women entrepreneurial intentions: With mediating role of innovation and interactive effect of entrepreneurial self-efficacy. Journal of the Research Society of Pakistan, 56(2), 89.

Published

2025-11-04

How to Cite

Muchineripi, J. N., Kankuni, O., & Chimucheka, T. (2025). Impact of entrepreneurial orientation and self-efficacy on students’ intentions to pursue technopreneurship. Interdisciplinary Journal of Management Sciences, 2(1), a08. https://doi.org/10.38140/ijms-2025.vol2.1.08