Stakeholders' Perceptions of their Roles in Enhancing Discipline in Rural Community Schools
Keywords:
Discipline, stakeholders, perceptions, rural community, SchoolsAbstract
This paper summarises the perceptions of stakeholders' roles in enhancing discipline in rural community schools. A mixed research design (qualitative and quantitative) was used in the study. The population was stratified into three- State, Local Government Areas and Rural Communities within the Local Government Areas. A multi-stage stratified random sample of 432 stakeholders was drawn from the six rural communities of Arochukwu and Ohafia Local Governments in Abia State, Nigeria. Semi-structured questionnaires were administered to the stakeholders while structured questions were used for the Focus Group Discussions. The results showed that the stakeholders are in agreement that disciplinary measures are devised to promote and maintain a well-disciplined school environment, quality and equity education (mean = 3.95±0.05); but disagree that the School Board and Parent Teachers' Associations take initiatives in the formulation of school regulations (2.64± 0.06). While management and implementation of discipline jointly significantly (p < 0.05) predicts access to quality and equity Basic Education, the teacher discipline and environment factors are negatively correlated with access to quality and equity in Basic Education. The study recommends partnership between the parents, teachers, school, and the community in addressing issues of the learners' indiscipline in schools. An introduction of modified corporal punishment appropriate to the learners' age and disposition can be implemented to salvage the learners and improve their academic performances.
References
Akubuilo, D. U. (2008). Achieving sustainable economy through sustainable development education. NASHER Journal, 6 (3) 60-71
Ali, A. A., Dada, I. T., Isiaka, G. A. & Salmon, S. A. (2014). Types, causes and management of indiscipline acts among secondary school students in Shomolu Local Government Area of Lagos State. Studies in Social Sciences, 8 (2), 254-287. http://www .infinitypress.info/index.php/jsss/article/download/790/379
Arber, S. (2001). Designing samples. In: Gilbert N, ed. Researching Social Life . London: SAGE Publications.
Bandura, A. (1977). Self-efficacy: Toward a unifying theory of behavioural change. Psychological Review, 84, 191-215.
Cotton, K. & Wikelund, K. R. (1989). Parent involvement in education. School Improvement Research Series, Office of Educational Research and Improvement (OERI), U.S. Department of Education, under Contract Number 400-86-0006. https://educationnorthwest.org/sites/default/files/parent-involvement-in-education.pdf
Creative Research Systems. (2012). Sample Size Calculator. https://www.surveysystem.com/sscalc.htm
Department of Education. (2008). Example of a Code of Conduct for a school. Pretoria: Government Printer.
Denzin, N. K. (2009). Qualitative inquiry under fire: Toward a new paradigm dialogue. Walnut Creek, CA: Left Coast Press.
Epstein, J. L. (1986). Towards an integrated theory of school and family connections. Report No. 3. Washington D.C: Center for Research on Elementary and Middle Schools.
Epstein, J. I. (1995). School/family/community partnerships: Caring for the children we share. Phi Delta Kappan, 76: 701-712
Epstein, J. L., Simon, B. S. & Salinas, K. C. (1997). Involving parents in homework in the middle grades. Baltimore. Johns Hopkins University, Research Bulletin, No. 18. http://www.pdkintl.org/edres/resbul18.html
Eshetu , A. A. (2014)..Indiscipline problems of high school students: The case of Ethio-Japan Hidasse Secondary School (Addis Ababa, Ethiopia) .Journal of Education and Practice, 5(37),23-28. http://www.iiste.org
Fafunwa, A. B. (2004). History of education in Nigeria. Ibadan: NPS Educational Publishers Limited
Fan, X. & Chen, M. (2001). Parental involvement and students' academic achievement: A meta-analysis. Educational Psychology Review, 13(1), 1-23
Federal Republic of Nigeria. (2004). National Policy on Education (4th Ed.). Lagos: Nigerian
Educational Research and Development Council Press.
Gitome, J. W., Katola, M. T. & Nyabwari, B. G. (2013). Correlation between students' discipline and performance in the Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education. International Journal of Education and Research, 1 (8), 1 – 10. http://www.ijern.com/journal/August-2013/33.pdf
Goodwin, B. (2010). Changing the odds for student success: What matters most. Denver, CO: Mid-continent Research for Education and Learning
Hill, M. S. & Hill, F. W. (1994). Creating safe schools. United Kingdom: Corwin. Houtenville, A., & Conway, K. S. (2008). Parental effort, school resources, and student achievement. Journal of Human Resources, 43(2), 437-453.
Jeynes, W. H. (2007). The relationship between parental involvement and urban secondary school student academic achievement: A meta-analysis. Urban Education, 42(1), 82-110.
Joubert, R. & Bray, E. (eds) (2007. Public School Governance in South Africa. Pretoria: CELP
Joubert, R. & Squelch, J. (2005). Learner Discipline in schools, 2nd eds. Pretoria: Centre for Education Law and Policy
Kelley, K., Clark, B., Brown, V. & Sitza, J. (2003). Good practice in the conduct and reporting of survey research. International Journal for Quality in Health Care, Volume 15, Issue 3, May 2003, Pages 261–266, https://doi.org/10.1093/intqhc/mzg031
Khajehpour, M. & Ghazvini, S. D. (2011). The role of parental involvement in children's academic performance. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 15, 1204-1208.
Khajehpour, M. (2011). Relationship between emotional intelligence, parental involvement and academic performance of high school students. Procedia social & Behavioral Sciences, 15, 1081-1086
Kimaro, A. R. & Machumu, H.J. (2015). Impacts of parental involvement in school activities on academic achievement of primary school children. International Journal of Education and Research Vol. 3 No. 8: 483-494
Krasnoff, B. (2016). Culturally Responsive Teaching: A Guide to Evidence-Based Practices for Teaching All Students Equitably. Education Northwest, March 2016. p. 21. http://educationnorthwest.org/sites/default/files/resources/culturally-responsive-teaching.pdf
Levanda, O. (2011). Parental involvement in school: A test of Hoover-Dempsey and Sandler's model among Jewish and Arab parents in Israel. Children & Youth Service Review, 33, 927-935
Levin, J. & Nalon, J. F. (1991). Principles of classroom management: A hierarchical approach. New Jersey: Prentice–Hall Inc.
Machumu, H. J. & Killugwe, Z. K. (2013). Stakeholders' perceptions on discipline management as a means to improve students' academic performance emerging experiences from Bunda Distirct Schools, Tanzania. Journal of Education Research and Behavioural Sciences, 2(6), 076-089,
Mestry, R., & Khumalo, J. (2012). Governing bodies and learner discipline: managing rural schools in South Africa through a code of conduct. South African Journal of Education, Vol 32:97-110
Mtsweni, J. (2008). The Role of Educators in the Management of School Discipline in the Nkangala Region of Mpumalanga. A thesis Submitted in Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Education in Educational Management, University Of South Africa.
Nakpodia, E. D. (2010). Teachers' disciplinary approaches to students' discipline problems in Nigerian secondary schools. International NGO Journal, 5(6), 144-151. http:// www.academicjournals.org/INGOJ
Nelson, F.(2002). A Qualitative Study of Effective School Discipline Practices: Perceptions of Administrators, Tenured Teachers, and Parents in Twenty Schools. Electronic Theses and Dissertations. Paper 718. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/718
Njoroge, P. M., & Nyabuto, A. N. (2014). Discipline as a factor in academic performance in Kenya. Journal of Educational and Social Research. 4 (1), 289-307. doi:10.5901/jesr.2014.v4n1p289
Omote, M. J., Thinguri, R.W., & Moenga, M. E. (2015). A critical analysis of acts of student indiscipline and management strategies employed by school authorities in public high schools in Kenya. International Journal of Education and Research, 3(12), 1-10.
Porumbu, D., & Necsoi, D, V. (2013). Relationship between parental involvement, attitude and children's school achievement. Procedia-Social & Behavioral Sciences, 76, 706-710.
Rusby, J. C., Crowley, R., Sprague, J. & Biglan, A. (2011). Observations of the middle-school environment: the context for student behavior beyond the classroom. Psychol Sch. 2011 Apr; 48(4): 10.1002/pits.20562. doi: 10.1002/pits.20562
Simelane, S.G. (2017). Stakeholder perceptions of effect of indiscipline on academic performance of learners in selected Bushbuckridge rural schools, University of South Africa, Pretoria, http://hdl.handle.net/10500/23200
South African Council for Educators. (2020). Handbook for Teachers' Rights, Responsibilities and Safety. Lead Afrika Consulting (Pty) Ltd South Africa. Available at https://www.sace.org.za/assets/documents/uploads/sace_90707-2020-01-10-Teachers%20Handbook%20Draft.pdf
Stelmack, B. (n.d). Parental Involvement: A Research Brief for Practitioners, University of Alberta. https://www.academia.edu/8232520/Literature_Synopsis? email_work_card=view-paper
Tan, E. T. & Goldberg, W.A. (2009). Parental school involvement in relation to children's grades and adaptation to school. Journal of applied developmental psychology, 30, 442-453
Teddlie, C. & Tashakkori, A. (Eds.) (2009). Foundations of mixed methods research: Integrating quantitative and qualitative techniques in the social and behavioural sciences. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
UNICEF. (2006). The state of the world's children 2006. Publications Section, Division of Communication, UNICEF NY (3 UN Plaza, NY, NY 10017) USA
United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child.(1989). Committee on the Rights of the Child, 'General Comment No. 1: The aims of education, article 29 (1) (2001)', CRC/GC/2001/1, 2001; Committee on the Rights of the Child, 'General Comment No. 7: Implementing child rights in early childhood', CRC/C/GC7, 2005
Universal Basic Education Commission –UBEC. (2004). Compulsory, Free Universal Basic Education Act, 2004.Nigeria
Vogt, W. P. (1999). Dictionary of Statistics and Methodology: A Nontechnical Guide for the Social Sciences. London. Sage.
Wakasrafiq, H. M., Fatima, T., Sohail, M. M., Saleem, M. & Ali K. M. (2013). Parental Involvement and Academic Achievement; A Study on Secondary School Students of Lahore, Pakistan.International Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 2013; 3(8), 209-223.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Copyright (c) 2020 Helen Aforji Ama, Fazlur Rehman Moorad, Sourav Mukhopadyay
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
