AUTHOR GUIDELINES

You are welcome to IJER.  Adhering to our guidelines will enhance a smooth peer-review and editorial process of your article. Therefore, please take note of all the instructions and follow them closely. Articles must be prepared using our Submission Template and supplementary file template.

Originality, Trustworthiness and Misconduct 
Submissions must be original and fall within the scope of the journal. It must include an assurance that the manuscript has not been published, submitted or sent for consideration elsewhere. If required, proof of language editing done by native/L1 language speakers or experts in English Language should be submitted alongside the article as a supplementary file. Please be aware that only manuscripts exhibiting a similarity index of 10% or lower will be eligible for processing. Prior to proceeding, it is imperative to note that all submissions will undergo a screening process utilising the Turnitin plagiarism checker. However, the editor is rightfully obliged to suggest modifications and refuse any manuscripts with stated reasons without recourse to whether the manuscript is by invitation or a voluntary submission before publication.

IJER and ERRCDF condone zero tolerance for research misconduct such as plagiarism, citation manipulation, and data falsification/fabrication. Practices such as fabrication and manipulation of data, images, visual objects, and other research resources are prohibited and considered forbidden. Authors are expected to present an accurate account of data collection and their respective analyses. The true reflection of the work done should be presented. Anything other than that is considered unethical and would be rejected.  Authors will receive an acknowledgement receipt of their submission immediately, and manuscripts outside IJER's scope will be returned.

In the case of allegations regarding research misconduct, the publisher, alongside the journal editor, shall follow the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE)'s core practice in dealing with such a situation.

Ethical Considerations

The issue of research ethics is essential and must be keenly followed to protect the researcher, co-researchers, participants, respondents and every object and subject element involved in the study. In education research, like other fields of study, adhering to ethical rules involving human beings, vulnerable populations, confidentiality, and anonymity, among others, should not be compromised. Where applicable, statements on the name of the ethics committee, the approval number, and consent to participate in the study obtained from participants or their legal guardians should be included in the study. IJER adheres to Ethical Guidelines for Educational Research published by the British Educational Research Association (BERA), which may be perused and applied accordingly.

Formatting of Manuscripts  
The integrity of our review process is sacrosanct. Therefore, authors should make concerted efforts to remove all indications of identity from their manuscripts to ensure a blind relationship between the author(s) and the reviewer(s). These steps will be hundred per cent (100%) considered before initiating the review process:

  • Author(s) should prepare two different documents; the first document, named "main manuscript" must only contain the manuscript's title, the abstract and the entire article. The second document, which must be named and uploaded as a "supplementary file" must contain the title, author(s) information, and the email address of all the authors. 
  • In the case of the author(s) citing their previous works, the name(s) must be replaced with "author and year of publication" in the text and also replicated in the reference session instead of the authors' name, and article title, among others.
  • When naming their documents, author(s) identification should also be removed from the properties of the files; instead, they should name the main article with "main manuscript" but must be in our Submission Template and the information file as "supplementary file". 

Manuscripts must be prepared in Microsoft Word, using single-spaced (1.0 line spacing), justified size-10, and Book Antiqua font. Please see the Submission Template for comprehensive information. Authors are advised to employ italics rather than underlining, noting that figures, tables, and other graphics must be placed at the appropriate place within the text according to the author(s) interest. The recommended length for manuscripts is between 4000 and 7000 words, including references, an abstract of 250 words or less, and any appendixes. Kindly be advised that the prescribed word limit is not applicable to submissions categorised as Short Communications, Commentaries and Book Reviews. 

Each heading must be numbered, for example, 1., 1.1, 1.2, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, among others. In the case of multiple authors, the manuscript must indicate one author as the corresponding author.  Before submission, you may check our published articles to ensure that your article is correctly formatted. Articles not formatted according to our format will be rejected.

Types of Acceptable Articles

Starting from January 2025, all authors submitting to the journal must clearly indicate the type of article (e.g., Research Article, Review Article, Opinion Piece, among others) during the submission process. This information must also be included in the anonymous manuscript file to ensure proper categorisation and facilitate the peer-review process. Submissions that do not comply with this requirement may be returned for revision before being sent for review.

  • Research Articles: Research articles are original, data-driven studies that contribute new knowledge to a specific field. They typically adhere to a structured format, including an introduction, methods, results, and discussion. These articles present rigorous research findings and aim to address significant questions or gaps in the literature.
  • Review Articles: Review articles provide a comprehensive overview of existing literature on a particular topic, summarising the current state of knowledge, identifying gaps, and suggesting future directions for research. These articles play a critical role in synthesising information and guiding scholars in understanding the breadth and depth of a subject area. Different types of review articles include systematic reviews, which adhere to rigorous methodologies to evaluate and synthesise evidence from multiple studies; meta-analyses, which combine quantitative data from various sources to draw statistical conclusions; and narrative reviews, which provide descriptive overviews without strict methodological requirements. Additionally, scoping reviews map out the available evidence on a broad topic, while critical reviews go further by analysing and challenging existing findings or theories. This variety falls under Review Articles.
  • Opinion Pieces: Opinion pieces are concise articles that present the author’s viewpoint on current debates, challenges, or emerging trends within the field. These articles are designed to provoke thought, encourage dialogue, and offer unique perspectives that may shape future research or practice.
  • Theoretical/Conceptual Articles: Theoretical or conceptual articles focus on developing new frameworks, models, or ideas. They often synthesise existing knowledge to propose innovative approaches or methodologies. These articles aim to advance theoretical understanding or conceptual thinking within the field.
  • Case Reports: Case reports provide detailed accounts of specific cases or events, often in clinical, educational, or organisational settings. These reports emphasise unique insights, rare phenomena, or innovative practices and are particularly useful for drawing practical lessons or inspiring further research.
  • Short Communications: Short communications are concise reports of preliminary findings, significant discoveries, or innovative methods. These articles are ideal for presenting timely updates or smaller-scale studies that do not require the depth of a full-length research article.
  • Commentaries: Commentaries are analytical discussions or critiques of specific published works, ongoing issues, or trends within the field. These pieces provide context, interpretation, or alternative viewpoints, often enhancing the reader’s understanding of a topic or sparking further debate.
  • Book Reviews: Book reviews critically evaluate recently published books relevant to the field. They assess the book’s contributions, strengths, and limitations, situating it within current research or practice. Book reviews provide readers with valuable insights into the book's relevance and utility for their work.

Citation, Referencing and ORCID iD Requirement 

All sources used must be acknowledged. Authors must ensure that all in-text citations are done appropriately and with no omission in the reference section. All citations in the manuscript must be referenced, while all references must have been cited. IJER adopted the American Psychological Association (APA) 7th edition publication guidelines, which should be strictly adhered to.

Starting in 2022, IJER mandates authors to have an ORCID iD. All authors must provide an ORCID iD for all articles published. The Open Researcher and Contributor Identifier (ORCID) is a free, 16-digit linkable identifier (iD) that allows researchers to be identified and distinguish identical authors from one another. For additional information, click here.

Data Availability Statement

It is highly recommended that authors ensure the accessibility of their research data by either depositing it in a publicly accessible repository or providing it as supplementary material during the submission process. Authors are expected to disclose in their supplementary file if they have deposited their datasets into a public repository. If otherwise, authors should clearly outline the reason(s) why data cannot be released. However, as a precautionary measure, authors are advised to remove any information that might reveal their identity from the anonymised file when making a data availability statement. For more details and examples of applicable statements, please see our Data Availability Policy. 

Disclosure and Conflict of Interest

It is the author's responsibility to disclose any conflicting, competing and financial interest that may influence the result production and construe or result in liability. All official sources of financial support should be disclosed. The author must, therefore, notify the Editor-in-Chief should there be any conflicts of interest.

Permission and Acknowledgement

The author's responsibility is to obtain written permission for published tables, figures, text passages, and illustrations. The author should create a separate section before references to acknowledge people, funding organisations, grants, and others.  This section should be titled "acknowledgement", just like other sub-headings. However, the author(s) must obtain permission from the acknowledged person(s), organisations, and others.

Publication Process

Authors are requested to register and submit their manuscripts using our submission link. The submission and the review gateway are designed to guide authors and reviewers step by step throughout the process. If you are unable to provide an electronic version, please contact the Editor-in-Chief.  The following is the publication process:

Step 1: The author registers and submits the complete manuscript in a Word document following a double-blind peer-review policy and formatting prescription of the journal.

Step 2: The editor-in-chief checks the submitted manuscripts (subject to rejection if not within the journal's scope and unable to fulfil the standard research criteria).

Step 3: The articles are subjected to a plagiarism test (above ten per cent similarity result will be rejected and sent back to the author(s)).

Step 4: The article will be assigned to a suitable editorial team member (content verification will be ascertained and may be rejected if found unsuitable).

Step 5: Two expert double-blind peer reviewers are selected from different institutions to review the manuscript. After that, the assigned editor evaluates the review results. The likely recommendations are:

  1. Accept in its condition,
  2. Minor revision is required,
  3. Major revision required,
  4. Resubmit for another review process,
  5. Reject and resubmit elsewhere.

Step 6: In the case of 1, manuscripts are processed for publication. In the case of 2 and 3, the author(s) have to submit the revised manuscript through the revision menu, where manuscripts are checked by the assigned editor and reviewers. At this stage, the manuscript may be rejected if it does not satisfy the reviewers' queries. In the case of 4, a new review process is initiated, and in the case of 5, the final decision is communicated to the authors.

Step 7: The accepted manuscripts will be formatted and sent back to the author(s) for approval.

Step 8: A copy-edited version of the manuscript is uploaded and shared with the author(s) for final approval before final publication.

Peer Review Process

The journal follows a double-blind peer-review policy, meaning that the identities of both the author(s) and reviewers remain anonymous to each other. Articles are subjected to a rigorous peer-review process after the assigned editor assesses their quality and relevance to the journal. At this stage, the editor may either reject or accept the article. If accepted, the article will be sent to two carefully selected peer reviewers with expertise in the subject area. The reviewers are expected to provide reports on the article, which the assigned editor will use to make recommendations.

If revisions are required, authors will be notified and informed accordingly. They will be requested to resubmit the revised version of the article within a specified timeframe. If the revision is minor, the editor will recommend it appropriately. In the case of a major revision, the article will be reevaluated by the same reviewers, and their recommendations will inform the final decision. The assigned editor manages the review process and subsequently recommends a decision to the Editor-in-Chief. After reviewing this recommendation, the Editor-in-Chief makes and communicates the final decision. This collaborative approach upholds the journal's high quality and rigorous review standards.

Finally, an accepted article will be sent for copy-editing. The copy-edited version will be shared with the corresponding author using the journal's online system for possible proofreading, correction of technical issues, and return of the copy to the editor.

Turn-Around Time

Depending on the reviewers' availability and promptness, our review process takes approximately 2 to 3 months. Authors may not need to follow up if the submission is less than two months.

Review Guidelines

IJER values the role of reviewers in the double-blind peer review process towards publishing quality works; therefore, the reviewers are expected to accept for review only articles in which they have sufficient expertise. All the reviewers are requested to ensure the following:

  1. The manuscript is within their area of expertise.
  2. They can dedicate the appropriate time to conduct a critical review of the manuscript.
  3. If any, they declare their conflict of interest and can decline the review if a conflict exists.
  4. IJER follows the blind review process, so the manuscript and the review process should remain confidential during and after the review process.
  5. The review of a manuscript should be fair, just, critical, and honest and should not be influenced by the origin or geographical location of the manuscript, the religious, political or cultural viewpoint, gender, race, ethnicity or citizenship of the author.
  6. Reviewers should only accept manuscript(s) that they are confident of and willing to dedicate appropriate time to review. However, prompt submission of review is our wish.

Article Processing Charges (APC)

To finance and maintain our high-quality open access articles, IJER requires the author(s) of accepted articles to pay a one-time Article Processing Charge (APC). There are no charges for submission, rejected articles, figures, colour and length of articles. Also, there are no hidden and/or surcharges whatsoever. APC is payable when the article has been accepted for publication and when an invoice has been delivered. APC is used to cover all costs related to publishing, online hosting, and the archiving of each article. As of January 2024, a fee of 460 USD (R8,500) per article is applicable, and this rate is subject to periodic review. The corresponding author will be required to make the payment and provide proof of payment within the stipulated period stated in the invoice. The article will only be published once full payment has been received.

Discount and Waiver

Students, unemployed researchers, early-career academics, scholars from marginalised communities, and authors from low-income countries are eligible to apply for a discounted rate or a complete waiver of the Article Processing Charge (APC). To initiate this process, please refer to the discount and waiver policy for comprehensive information and application details.

Publication Frequency

Prior to 2022, IJER published two issues annually under a continuous publication model. Between 2022 and 2024, the journal transitioned to publishing one issue per year while maintaining this model, allowing articles to be made available online on an article-by-article basis immediately upon acceptance and finalisation. As of January 2025, IJER has resumed publishing two issues annually, continuing with the continuous publication model. Articles finalised between January and June constitute Issue 1, while those finalised between July and December form Issue 2. This model combines the benefits of rapid research dissemination with the structured organisation of biannual issues.

Starting in 2024, the Journal welcomes applications for special issues and encourages prospective special guest editors to submit their proposals. Interested individuals can find detailed guidelines and submission procedures in the Special Issue Policy.